Smart
Home using LabVIEW (DAQ-6009)
Mohammed Zahid, Gharpure D. C.
Department of Electronic Science,
University of Pune, Pune, 411 007
Address
dcg@electronics.unipune.ac.in
zms@electronics.unipune.ac.in
Abstract:
Recent progress in the various fields in science and
technology are mainly focusing to make better human life. One way to improve
the quality of life is by making the home environment a more comfortable place
to live in by turning it into a smart home environment. The terms smart homes,
intelligent homes, home networking have been used for more than a decade to
introduce the concept of networking devices and equipment in the house.
Generally IR sensors, humidity sensor, gas sensor,
temperature sensor, motion sensor etc. are used to monitor the environment in a
smart home. For this paper all the sensor modules are tested manually to check
its individual performance by using LabVIEW DAQ-6009. The present Smart Home concept
will be used as a “safe home” and “intelligent home”. One can easily communicate
with the smart home by using computer or laptop having good looking graphical
user interface program by LabVIEW and also it is intelligent to operate its
own. For example when a person come inside home it will turn on light and fan.
If we don’t require it we can turn off by using front panel of LabVIEW GUI. It designed such a way that at the time of
fire, it sounds buzzer and turn ON exhaust fan as well as at the time of
burglary it turns ON buzzer automatically.
In the present paper we focused on LabVIEW based
Smart Home using DAQ card (NI-DAQ-6009). This consists of a 1 BHK mechanical
house structure, sensors, home appliances and DAQ card. Firstly using LabVIEW
we interface sensors and home appliances individually and the system was tested
using a Smart home model designed in the lab. This structure is made up from
low cost materials like acrylic, plywood etc. which also has sufficient
mechanical strength. To facilitate the goal of the present paper, it consists
of various sensor modules interfaced to a few home appliances. The graphical
user interface of this paper is such a way that any layman can understand and
operate it.
Keywords: sensors, home appliances, smart
home, comfort, security, LabVIEW Software, Graphical user interface (GUI), DAQ
card-6009, laboratory training.
Introduction:
A
“smart home” can be defined as a residence equipped with computing and
information technology which anticipates and responds to the needs of the
occupants, working to promote their comfort, convenience, security and
entertainment through the management of technology within the home and
connections to the world beyond. Lifestyle in the modern society along with
human behavior and thinking is changing dramatically with the advancement of
technology, and the concept of a simple home is changing into a smart home. The
home is an important place for the people. It not only affects the overall
quality of life, but is also a place where many people (especially older) spend
a large part of their time. It is self-evident that constantly improving and
developing this area of life takes an important role. A step in this direction
is the so called smart home environments. And that is the purpose of this
project to provide convenience, safe and secure home.
The concept of smart home has been discussed in a
number of papers/1/. A microcontroller based smart home including ZigBee, GSM,
GPRS, IrDA or Bluetooth has been proposed /1 &2/. In the present paper we
have focused on the development of a Smart Home with a graphical user interface
(GUI). The implementation uses LabVIEW for the GUI and USB interfaced DAQ card
for monitoring and controlling the parameters. The next section describes the
Hardware interface.
Theoretical Background
and Hardware Overview of the System:
This
smart home control consists of three units: Smart home module, NI DAQ-6009 and
PC (or Laptop) having LabVIEW. A block diagram of the Smart home model is
depicted in Fig1.
Fig 1: positions of sensor
The
Infrared (IR) sensor: IR sensor module contains pair of LED and photo detector, in
which LED spread light continuously and other detect reflected light. There is a
potentiometer available on the module to set distance between module and
object. IC LM358N used as a driver IC for this module. Output voltage varies
from 3.31V to 3.39 V when it detect.
PIR
Motion Sensor Module: PIR Motion Sensor Module is a compact,
complete and easy to use Pyro-electric Infrared (PIR) Sensor Module for human
body detection. This module consists of a Fresnel lens and motion detection
circuit. It is high sensitivity and low noise. It shows low (0V) output which
is made high (5V) by using op-amp as an inverter whenever it detects presence
of human being.
Temperature
sensor: It is used to indicate the ambient temperature inside kitchen to
the user. LM35 temperature sensor is used for the same purpose. It requires 5v
supply and gives 2.982
V output at 29 degree.
LPG Gas
sensor: MQ-6 gas sensor has high sensitivity to Propane, Butane and LPG,
also response to Natural gas. The sensor could be used to detect different
combustible gas, especially Methane; it is with low cost and suitable for
different applications. LPG gas sensor has 5 V as input and it gives low put
i.e. 0 V when gas is detected.
Humidity
sensor: Humidity
sensor (SY-HS220) used to monitor humidity level inside home. If humidity level
is more than specified condition then turn on exhaust fan. For more detail one
can use datasheet of recommended sensors.
Selection
of appliances: Some basic appliances have been selected to fulfill the goal of
this paper. List of the appliances and its expected location is given in figure
1. The LED type lights were selected to be used in hall,
kitchen and bedroom to fulfill the requirement. The number of LEDs (4 Nos.)
operating on 5 V DC were selected in such a way that it should illuminate the
room with reasonable intensity. The SMPS fan is used to provide the ventilation
to the bedroom area.
NI
DAQ-6009 is used to monitor and control various modules to implement the smart home.
We can interface eight analog inputs and twelve digital inputs / outputs
through this DAQ card. One can easily connect this card to the computer by
using USB connector provides by National instrument. One can easily access and
operate the input and output of DAQ card using LabVIEW software.
Implementation
of Smart home:
To
implement home automation concept a smart home VI has been developed in
LabVIEW. It consists of the NI DAQ-6009card to interface various sensors and
actuators. Various modules implementing
the logic described below have been designed and tested individually. Further
they are integrated to form the Smart
Home VI as discussed below.
Home VI as discussed below.
Fig 2: Input, output and DAQ card
for the project
Three IR sensors were placed near
to main door, hall window and bedroom window. The status of IR sensors and PIR
sensor used to detect unauthorized entry in home. Two sensors are placed at
window and other placed at door. If windows will open after door or only door
open, it indicate authorized entry which result in turning on lights and Fan inside home. If door open
after window or only window open, it indicate unauthorized entry which results
in sounding the buzzer as well as on the
LEDs of hall at the front panel or
graphical user interface of LabVIEW. It is used as burglar alarm. Temperature
sensor is used to monitor temperature of home. At the time of high temperature
exhaust Fan has been turned ON.
To detect the fire we uses two
sensors, one is temperature sensor and other is gas sensor. Temperature sensor
use to detect the rise in temperature and gas sensor is use to detect smoke, at
time of fire &LPG leakage. As soon as fire is detected turn on Buzzer and
exhaust fan. This paper is also use to turn on / off home appliances like AC,
Fan, and Light etc. by using LabVIEW VI. Turn on fan when home environment
become dry because some people have problem from dry environment. This is
detected by Humidity sensor situated near to the kitchen. Implementing a
virtual concept of home automation in real word was really challenging task but
useful to learn way of implementation theoretical concept to make it practical.
NI DAQ-6009 contain eight analog
inputs, two analog output channels and 12 TTL/CMOS digital input / output lines
has been used to implement the Smart home concept as shown below in Fig 2. It
is Low-Cost, Bus-Powered Multifunction
DAQ for USB. PC or laptop should contain LabVIEW with DAQ card-6009 software
installation.
Digital inputs, outputs are at
right hand side and analog inputs are at left hand side of above figure. DAQ
card can’t provide voltage and current for all sensors and actuators therefore
signal conditioning circuit is being used. External power supply is used to
provide sufficient current and voltage for analog input/output. Signal
conditioning circuit is designed in such a way that all analog inputs and
outputs take sufficient current to work. It uses transistor as amplifier to
provide specific current for analog system.
Front
panel of smart home VI
Front
panel or graphical user interface (GUI) of LabVIEW program is consist of smart
homes photo, controllers and indicators as depicted in figure below.
Fig 3: Front panel of the smart
home
In
above figure, home is at right hand side and all controllers & indicators
are present at left hand side of front panel or GUI. In the present figure Fan
and bedrooms light is ON because buttons are ON and door is open. Temperature
is above 36 degree in the hall therefore LED on the left hand side is ON and
the LED of hall is ON in the photograph of smart home module. By using left top
section of GUI one can turn ON or OFF home appliances. Left bottom consist of
indications or status of sensors or buzzer. In this section one LED is on which
indicate that temperature is above 36 degree.
Conclusion:
The
Smart home VI has been designed and used successfully for the model home. Interfacing of all sensors and home
appliances are done individually including digital and analog input/outputs. A
signal conditioning circuit for interfacing the sensors and actuators is being
designed. Further work on using a microcontroller for the same purpose and
e-mail for notification are underway. Work on incorporating wireless interface
like SMS / Zigbee /Bluetooth to turn on / off home appliances like AC, Fan, and
Light etc. and monitor status of sensors and appliances will also be carried
out.
It
is very easy and time saving to use online. One can operate friendly using its
graphical user interface or block diagram panel given in fig3. One can’t
operate it offline because DAQ card is not use to burn the program. To overcome
this problem use of microcontroller is being designed. Way of programming of
LabVIEW is simpler than microcontroller. It is very easy to send e-mail by
using LabVIEW containing some sub VIs only and it is very difficult using
microcontroller.
References:
1. Aghav S.
T., Karpe P. D., Gharpure D. C., Shaligram A. D.,"A Smart Home Concept
Module for Laboratory Training", "National Conference on Recent
Initiatives towards Green Electronics" 8th and 9th February 2013.
2.
F.
Aldrich, Inside the Smart Home. Springer London, April 2006, ch.Smart Homes:
Past, Present and Future.
3.
Kevin
Bouchard, Amir Ajroud, Bruno Bouchard, AbdenourBouzouane, SIMACT: A 3D Open
Source Smart Home Simulator for Activity Recognition, Advances in Computer
Science and Information Technology Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volume
6059, 2010, pp 524-533.
4.
Zahra
ForootanJahromi and Amir Rajabzadeh, Ali Reza Manashty,AMulti-Purpose Scenario based
Simulator for Smart House Environments, International Journal of Computer
Science and Information Security,Vol. 9, No. 1, January 2011.
